Romanization of Chinese has always been problematic. Every romanization system fails at one point or another. The current official system, Pinyin, like all others before it, simply has to be memorized to be used effectively. The following list should be sufficiently comprehensive to suggest how to convert any romanized term from the Wade-Giles system (employed until quite recently in all academic English-language works on China) and the rather arbitrary "Postal" system, to the now-universal Pinyin system. Detailed comments on converting between systems can be found at the end of this document.
Pinyin
Clicking on any of the letters below takes you to the beginning of that section of the alphabetized Pinyin entries. 'I' is missing because there are no Pinyin words that begin with that letter.
Wade-Giles & Post Office
Clicking on any of the letters below takes you to the beginning of that section of the alphabetized Wade-Giles and Post Office entries.
Key: (N) indicates name of person
(P) " place name or geographical feature
(R) " reign-name of emperor
(C) " Cantonese or other dialect; conventional usage
| A |
|
|
A |
| Aihun (P) |
璦琿 |
瑷珲 |
Aigun |
| Anfu |
安福 |
|
|
| Anhui (P) |
安徽 |
|
Anhwei |
| Anshan (P) |
鞍山 |
|
|
| Aomen (P) |
澳門 |
澳门 |
(“Macao”) |
| B |
|
|
P |
| Bai Hua (N) |
白樺 |
白桦 |
Pai Hua |
| Ba Jin (N) |
巴金 |
|
Pa Chin |
| Ban-da-er-sha (N) |
班達爾沙 |
班达尔沙 |
(Bandarsa) |
| Baoan (P) |
保安 |
|
Pao-an |
| bao-jia |
保甲 |
|
pao-chia (security system) |
| Bao Tong (N) |
鮑彤 |
|
Pao T'ung |
| Beidaihe (P) |
北戴河 |
|
Peitaiho |
| Bei He (P) |
北河 |
|
Peiho |
| Beijing (P) |
北京 |
|
Peking |
| Beiping (P) |
北平 |
|
Peiping (Peking) |
| Beiyang |
北洋 |
|
Pei-yang |
| Bin Chun (N) |
斌椿 |
|
Pin Ch'un |
| Bo Gu (N) |
博古 |
|
Po Ku |
| (Qin Bangxian |
秦邦憲 |
秦邦宪 |
Ch'in Pang-hsien) |
| Bo Yibo (N) |
薄一波 |
|
Po I-po |
| bu |
部 |
|
(board, ministry) |
| C |
|
|
Ts', Ch' |
| Cai E (N) |
蔡鍔 |
蔡锷 |
Ts'ai O |
| Cai Hesen (N) |
蔡和森 |
蔡和森 |
Ts'ai Ho-sen |
| Cai Tingkai (N) |
蔡廷鍇 |
蔡廷铠 |
Ts'ai T'ing-k'ai |
| Cai Yuanpei (N) |
蔡元培 |
蔡元培 |
Ts'ai Yüan-p'ei |
| Cao Kun (N) |
曹錕 |
曹锟 |
Ts'ao K'un |
| Chahaer (P) |
察哈爾 |
察哈尔 |
Chahar |
| Chai Ling (N) |
柴玲 |
|
|
| Chai Zemin (N) |
柴澤民 |
柴泽民 |
Ch'ai Tse-min |
| Changchun (P) |
長春 |
长春 |
|
| Chang Jiang (P) |
長江 |
长江 |
(Yangtze River) |
| Changsha (P) |
長沙 |
长沙 |
|
| changzheng |
長征 |
|
(“Long March”) |
| Chen Boda (N) |
陳伯達 |
陈伯达 |
Ch'en Po-ta |
| Chen Duxiu (N) |
陳獨秀 |
陈独秀 |
Ch'en Tu-hsiu |
| Chen Fang Ansheng (N) |
陳方安生 |
陈方安生 |
Ch'en Fong An-seng (C) |
| Chengde (P) |
承德 |
Chengteh (Jehol) |
|
| Chengdu (P) |
成都 |
|
Chengtu |
| Cheng Qian (N) |
程潛 |
|
Ch'eng Ch'ien |
| Cheng Siyuan (N) |
程思遠 |
程思远 |
|
| Chen Guofu (N) |
陳果夫 |
陈果夫 |
Ch'en Kuo-fu |
| Cheng Zihua (N) |
程子華 |
程子华 |
Ch'eng Tzu-hua |
| Chen Jian (N) |
陳健 |
陈健 |
Ch'en Chien |
| Chen Jiongming (N) |
陳炯明 |
陈炯明 |
Ch'en Chiung-ming |
| Chen Lifu (N) |
陳立夫 |
陈立夫 |
|
| Chen Muhua (N) |
陳慕華 |
陈慕华 |
|
| Chen Shaoyu (N) |
陳紹禹 |
陈绍禹 |
|
| (Wang Ming |
王明 ) |
|
|
| Chen Yi (N; CCP)) |
陳毅 |
陈毅 |
Ch'en I |
| Chen Yi (N; KMT) |
陳儀 |
陈仪 |
Ch'en I |
| Chen Yonggui (N) |
陳永貴 |
陈永贵 |
Ch'en Yung-kuei |
| Chen Youren (N) |
陳友仁 |
陈友仁 |
(“Eugene Chen”) |
| Chen Yun (N) |
陳雲 |
陈云 |
|
| Chen Zuoer (N) |
陳佐洱 |
陈佐洱 |
Ch'en Tso-erh |
| Chi Haotian (N) |
遲浩田 |
迟浩田 |
Ch'ih Hao-t'ien |
| Chong-hou (N) |
崇厚 |
|
Ch'ung-hou |
| Chongqing (P) |
重慶 |
重庆 |
Chungking |
| Ci Xi (N) |
慈禧 |
|
Tz'u-hsi |
| D |
|
|
T |
| Dagu (P) |
大沽 |
|
Taku |
| Dai Jitao (N) |
戴季陶 |
|
Tai Chi-t'ao |
| Dai Li (N) |
戴笠 |
|
Tai Li |
| Dalian (P) |
大連 |
大连 |
(“Dairen,” “Dalny”) |
| Dao Guang (R) |
道光 |
|
Tao-kuang |
| Da Qin (P) |
大秦 |
|
(Roman Empire) |
| Da Qing |
大清 |
|
(Qing Empire) |
| Daqing (P) |
大慶 |
大庆 |
Taching |
| da-tong |
大同 |
|
ta-t'ung |
| Dazhai (P) |
大寨 |
|
Tachai |
| dazibao |
大字報 |
大字报 |
tatzupao |
| Deng Liqun (N) |
鄧力群 |
邓力群 |
Teng Li-ch'un |
| Deng Pufang (N) |
鄧樸方 |
邓朴方 |
Teng P'u-fang |
| Deng Tuo (N) |
鄧拓 |
邓拓 |
Teng T'o |
| Deng Xiaoping (N) |
鄧小平 |
邓小平 |
Teng Hsiao-p'ing |
| Deng Yingchao (N) |
鄧穎超 |
邓颖超 |
Teng Ying-ch'ao |
| Deng Zihui (N) |
鄧子恢 |
邓子恢 |
Teng Tzu-hui |
| Diaoyudao (P) |
釣魚島 [台] |
钓鱼岛 |
Tiao-yü Tao |
| [Senkakus] Dihua (P) |
迪化 |
|
Tihua (old name for Urumqi) |
| Ding Guan'gen (N) |
丁關根 |
丁关根 |
Ting Kuan-ken |
| Ding Guangxun (N) |
丁光訓 |
丁光训 |
Ting Kuang-hsün (K.H. Ting) |
| Dinghai (P) |
定海 |
|
Tinghai |
| Ding Ling (N) |
丁玲 |
|
Ting Ling |
| Ding Richang (N) |
丁日昌 |
|
Ting Jih-ch'ang |
| Dongbei (P) |
東北 |
东北 |
Tung-pei (“Manchuria”) |
| Dong Biwu (N) |
董必武 |
|
Tung Pi-wu |
| Dong Jianhua (N) |
董建華 |
董建华 |
Tung Chien-hua |
| |
|
|
[Tung Chee-hwa (C)] |
| Dongsha (P) |
東沙 (群島) |
东沙 (群岛) |
Tung-sha [Pratas Islands] |
| Duan Qirui (N) |
段祺瑞 |
|
Tuan Ch'i-jui |
| Dui-wai Lianluo Bu |
對外聯絡部 |
对外联络部 |
(International Liaison Dept.) |
| E |
|
|
O |
| E luo si Guan |
俄羅斯館 |
俄罗斯馆 |
O-lo-ssu-kuan [“Russian Hostel”] |
| F |
|
|
F |
| fabi |
法幣 |
法币 |
fapi (currency) |
| fan |
番 |
|
(frontier peoples, “tribes”) |
| Fang Lizhi (N) |
方勵之 |
方励之 |
Fang Li-chih |
| Fan Wenlan (N) |
范文瀾 |
范文澜 |
|
| Fa Xian (N) |
法顯 |
法显 |
Fa Hsien |
| Fei Xiaotong (N) |
費孝通 |
|
Fei Hsiao-t'ung |
| Feng Guifen (N) |
馮桂芬 |
|
Feng Kuei-fen |
| Feng Youlan (N) |
馮友蘭 |
冯友兰 |
Fung Yu-lan |
| Feng Yuxiang (N) |
馮玉祥 |
|
Feng Yu-hsiang |
| Fu Hao (N) |
符浩 |
|
|
| Fujian (P) |
福建 |
|
Fukien |
| Fu Quanyou (N) |
傅全有 |
|
Fu Ch'üan-yu |
| Fuzhou (P) |
福州 |
|
Foochow, Fuchow |
| Fu Zuoyi (N) |
傅作義 |
傅作义 |
Fu Tso-i |
| G |
|
|
K |
| Ga-er-dan (N) |
噶爾丹 |
噶尔丹 |
Galdan |
| ganbu |
幹部 |
干部 |
kan-pu |
| Gansu (P) |
甘肅 |
甘肃 |
Kansu |
| Gao Gang (N) |
高崗 |
高岗 |
Kao Kang |
| Gao Konglian (N) |
高孔廉 |
|
Kao K'ung-lien (Kao Koong-lian) |
| Gelaohui |
哥老會 |
哥老会 |
Ko-lao-hui |
| Geng Biao (N) |
耿飆 |
|
Keng Piao |
| gong |
貢 |
贡 |
(“tribute”) |
| Gong (N) |
恭 (親王) |
|
Kung (Prince) |
| gong-hang |
公行 |
|
(“cohong”) |
| Gong Pusheng (N) |
龔普生 |
龚晋生 |
Kung P'u-sheng |
| guan-du shang-ban |
官督商辦 |
官督商办 |
kuan-tu shang-pan |
| Guangdong (P) |
廣東 |
广东 |
Kwangtung |
| Guangming Ribao |
光明日報 |
光明日报 |
Kuang-ming jih-pao |
| Guangxi (Zhuang |
廣西 (壯自治區) |
|
|
| Aut. Region) (P) |
|
广西 (壮自治区) |
Kwangsi |
| Guang Xu (R) |
光緒 |
光绪 |
Kuang-hsü |
| Guangzhou (P) |
廣州 |
广州 |
Kwangchow (“Canton”) |
| Guangzhou Wan (P) |
廣州灣 |
广州湾 |
Kwang-chow Bay |
| Guan Tianpei (N) |
關天培 |
关天培 |
Kuan T'ien-p'ei |
| guanxi |
關係 |
关系 |
kuan-hsi |
| Guihua (P) |
歸化 |
归化 |
Kueihua (old name for Huhehot) |
| Gui-liang (N) |
桂良 |
|
Kuei-liang |
| Guizhou (P) |
貴州 |
贵州 |
Kweichow |
| Gu Mu (N) |
谷牧 |
|
Ku Mu |
| Guoji Wenti Yanjiu |
國際問題研究 |
|
|
| |
|
国际问题研究 |
(“International Studies”) |
| Guomindang |
國民黨 |
国民党 |
Kuomintang |
| Guo Moruo (N) |
郭沫若 |
|
Kuo Mo-jo |
| Guo Songdao (N) |
郭嵩燾 |
郭嵩焘 |
Kuo Sung-tao |
| Guowuyuan |
國務院 |
国务院 |
Kuo-wu Yüan [State Council] |
| Gu Weijun (N) |
顧緯鈞 |
顾纬钧 |
Ku Wei-chün |
| Gu Zhenfu (N) |
辜振甫 |
|
Ku Chen-fu [Koo Chen-fu] |
| |
|
|
(“Wellington Koo”) |
| Ga-er-dan (N) |
噶爾丹 |
噶尔丹 |
Galdan |
| ganbu |
幹部 |
干部 |
kan-pu |
| Gansu (P) |
甘肅 |
甘肃 |
Kansu |
| Gao Gang (N) |
高崗 |
高岗 |
Kao Kang |
| Gao Konglian (N) |
高孔廉 |
|
Kao K'ung-lien (Kao Koong-lian) |
| Gelaohui |
哥老會 |
哥老会 |
Ko-lao-hui |
| Geng Biao (N) |
耿飆 |
|
Keng Piao |
| gong |
貢 |
贡 |
(“tribute”) |
| Gong (N) |
恭 (親王) |
|
Kung (Prince) |
| gong-hang |
公行 |
|
(“cohong”) |
| Gong Pusheng (N) |
龔普生 |
龚晋生 |
Kung P'u-sheng |
| guan-du shang-ban |
官督商辦 |
官督商办 |
kuan-tu shang-pan |
| Guangdong (P) |
廣東 |
广东 |
Kwangtung |
| Guangming Ribao |
光明日報 |
光明日报 |
Kuang-ming jih-pao |
| Guangxi (Zhuang |
廣西 (壯自治區) |
|
|
| Aut. Region) (P) |
|
广西 (壮自治区) |
Kwangsi |
| Guang Xu (R) |
光緒 |
光绪 |
Kuang-hsü |
| Guangzhou (P) |
廣州 |
广州 |
Kwangchow (“Canton”) |
| Guangzhou Wan (P) |
廣州灣 |
广州湾 |
Kwang-chow Bay |
| Guan Tianpei (N) |
關天培 |
关天培 |
Kuan T'ien-p'ei |
| guanxi |
關係 |
关系 |
kuan-hsi |
| Guihua (P) |
歸化 |
归化 |
Kueihua (old name for Huhehot) |
| Gui-liang (N) |
桂良 |
|
Kuei-liang |
| Guizhou (P) |
貴州 |
贵州 |
Kweichow |
| Gu Mu (N) |
谷牧 |
|
Ku Mu |
| Guoji Wenti Yanjiu |
國際問題研究 |
|
|
| |
|
国际问题研究 |
(“International Studies”) |
| Guomindang |
國民黨 |
国民党 |
Kuomintang |
| Guo Moruo (N) |
郭沫若 |
|
Kuo Mo-jo |
| Guo Songdao (N) |
郭嵩燾 |
郭嵩焘 |
Kuo Sung-tao |
| Guowuyuan |
國務院 |
国务院 |
Kuo-wu Yüan [State Council] |
| Gu Weijun (N) |
顧緯鈞 |
顾纬钧 |
Ku Wei-chün |
| Gu Zhenfu (N) |
辜振甫 |
|
Ku Chen-fu [Koo Chen-fu] |
| |
|
|
(“Wellington Koo”) |
| H |
|
|
H |
| Haerbin (P) |
哈爾濱 |
哈尔滨 |
Harbin, Harpin |
| Hainan (P) |
海南 |
|
|
| Hai Rui (N) |
海瑞 |
|
Hai Jui |
| Han (Dynasty) |
漢 |
汉 |
|
| Hangzhou (P) |
杭州 |
|
Hangchow |
| Hankou (P) |
漢口 |
汉口 |
Hankow |
| Han Nianlong (N) |
韓念龍 |
韩念龙 |
Han Nien-lung |
| Han-ren |
漢人 |
汉人 |
Han-jen [“Chinese”] |
| Han Xu (N) |
韓敘 |
韩叙 |
Han Hsü |
| Han [-zu] |
漢族 |
|
Han [-tsu] [“Chinese”] |
| Hebei (P) |
河北 |
|
Hopeh, Hopei |
| Heilongjiang (P) |
黑龍江 |
黑龙江 |
Heilungkiang |
| He Long (N) |
賀龍 |
贺龙 |
Ho Lung |
| Henan (P) |
河南 |
|
Honan |
| He Xiangning (N) |
何香凝 |
|
Ho Hsiang-ning |
| He Yingqin (N) |
何應欽 |
何应钦 |
Ho Ying-ch'in |
| He Zizhen (N) |
賀子珍 |
贺子珍 |
Ho Tzu-chen |
| Honglou Meng |
紅樓夢 |
红楼梦 |
Hung-lou-meng |
| |
|
|
(“Dream of the Red Chamber”) |
| Hongqi |
紅旗 |
|
Hung-ch'i (“Red Flag”) |
| Hong Rengan (N) |
洪仁玕 |
|
Hung Jen-kan |
| hongweibing |
紅衛兵 |
红卫兵 |
hung-wei-ping (“Red Guards”) |
| Hong Xiuquan (N) |
洪秀全 |
|
Hung Hsiu-ch'üan |
| Hou Deyuan (N) |
候德原 |
|
|
| Hua Guofeng (N) |
華國鋒 |
华国锋 |
Hua Kuo-feng |
| Huai-hai (P) |
淮海 |
|
|
| Huang He (P) |
黃河 |
|
Hwang Ho (“Yellow River”) |
| Huang Hua (N) |
黃華 |
黄华 |
|
| Huang Kecheng (N) |
黃克誠 |
黄克诚 |
Huang K'o-ch'eng |
| Huangpu (P) |
黃浦 |
|
Whangpoo [Shanghai] |
| Huangpu (P) |
黃埔 |
|
Whampoa [Guanzzhou] |
| Huang Shaohong (N) |
黃紹竑 |
黄绍宏 |
Huang Shao-hung |
| Huang Xing (N) |
黃興 |
黄兴 |
Huang Hsing |
| Huang Zhen (N) |
黃鎮 |
黄镇 |
Huang Chen |
| Huan Xiang (N) |
宦鄉 |
宦乡 |
Huan Hsiang |
| Hubei (P) |
湖北 |
|
Hupeh, Hupei |
| Hu Feng (N) |
胡風 |
胡风 |
|
| Hu Hanmin (N) |
胡漢民 |
胡汉民 |
|
| Hui-tong Guan |
會同館 |
会同馆 |
Hui-t'ung-kuan |
| Hu Jintao (N) |
胡錦燾 |
胡锦焘 |
Hu Chin-t'ao |
| Hu Jiwei (N) |
胡績偉 |
胡绩伟 |
|
| Humen (P) |
虎門 |
虎门 |
|
| Hunan (P) |
湖南 |
|
|
| Hu Qiaomu (N) |
胡喬木 |
|
Hu Ch'iao-mu |
| Hu Qili (N) |
胡啟立 |
胡启立 |
Hu Ch'i-li |
| Hu Sheng (N) |
胡繩 |
胡绳 |
|
| Hu Shi (N) |
胡適 |
胡适 |
Hu Shih |
| Hu Weizhen (N) |
胡為真 |
胡为真 |
Hu Wei-chen (Jason Hu) |
| Hu Yaobang (N) |
胡耀邦 |
|
Hu Yao-pang |
| Hu Zongnan (N) |
胡宗南 |
|
Hu Tsung-nan |
| J |
|
|
Ch |
| Jia |
家 |
|
Chia (“The Family”) |
| Jiang Bingkun (N) |
江丙坤 |
|
Chiang Ping-k'un (Chiang Pin-kung; P.K. Chiang |
| Jiang Enzhu (N) |
姜恩柱 |
|
Chiang En-chu |
| Jiang Guanghua (N) |
蔣光化 |
蒋光化 |
Chiang Kuang-hua |
| Jiang Jieshi (N) |
蔣介石 |
蒋介石 |
Chiang Kai-shek (C) |
| Jiang Jingguo (N) |
蔣經國 |
蒋经国 |
Chiang Ching-kuo |
| Jiangnan (P) |
江南 |
|
Chiang-nan |
| Jiang Qing (N) |
江青 |
|
Chiang Ch'ing |
| Jiangsu (P) |
江蘇 |
江苏 |
Kiangsu |
| Jiangxi (P) |
江西 |
|
Kiangsi |
| Jiang Zemin (N) |
江澤民 |
江泽民 |
Chiang Tse-min |
| Jiao Renhe (N) |
焦仁和 |
|
Chiao Jen-ho |
| Jiaozhou Wan (P) |
膠州灣 |
胶州湾 |
Kiaochow Bay |
| Ji Chaozhu (N) |
冀朝鑄 |
冀朝铸 |
Chi Ch'ao-chu |
| Jia Qing (R) |
嘉慶 |
嘉庆 |
Chia-ch'ing |
| Jiefangjun Bao |
解放軍報 |
解放军报 |
Chieh-fang-chün Pao |
| |
|
|
[“Liberation Army Daily”] |
| Jilin (P) |
吉林 |
|
Kirin |
| Ji'nan (P) |
濟南 |
|
Tsinan |
| Jinggangshan (P) |
井綱山 |
井纲山 |
Chingkang Mtns. |
| Jinmen (P) |
金門 |
金门 |
Quemoy |
| jinshi |
進士 |
进士 |
chin-shih |
| Ji Pengfei (N) |
姬鵬飛 |
姬鹏飞 |
Chi P'eng-fei |
| Jiulong (P) |
九龍 |
九龙 |
Kowloon |
| Junjichu |
軍機處 |
军机处 |
(“Grand Council”) |
| juren |
舉人 |
举人 |
chü-jen |
| K |
|
|
K' |
| kang |
炕 |
|
k'ang |
| Kang Da |
抗大 |
|
K'ang-ta |
| Kang Keqing (N) |
康克清 |
|
K'ang K'o-ch'ing |
| Kang Sheng (N) |
康生 |
|
|
| Kang Xi (R) |
康熙 |
|
K'ang-hsi |
| Kang Youwei (N) |
康有為 |
康有为 |
K'ang Yu-wei |
| Kang Ze (N) |
康澤 |
康泽 |
K'ang Tse |
| kanhe |
勘合 |
|
|
| ketou |
磕頭 |
磕头 |
k'e-t'ou [kowtow] |
| Kong Xiangxi (N) |
孔祥熙 |
|
K'ung Hsiang-hsi (“H.H. Kung”) |
| Kong(fu)zi (N) |
孔(夫)子 |
|
K'ung(-fu)-tzu [“Confucius”] |
| Kuai Dafu (N) |
蒯大富 |
|
K'uai Ta-fu |
| Kunming (P) |
昆明 |
|
|
| L |
|
|
L |
| lai Hua |
來化 |
来化 |
|
| Lang Shining (N) |
郎世寧 |
郎世宁 |
[Guiseppe Castiglione] |
| Lang Tan (N) |
郎談 |
郎谈 |
|
| Lao She (N) |
老舍 |
|
Lao Shaw |
| Lei Feng (N) |
雷蜂 |
|
|
| liang |
兩 |
两 |
|
| Liang Qichao (N) |
梁啟超 |
梁启超 |
Liang Ch'i-ch'ao |
| Lian Zhan (N) |
連戰 |
连战 |
Lien Chan |
| Liao Hui (N) |
廖暉 |
|
|
| Liao Chengzhi (N) |
廖承志 |
|
Liao Ch'eng-chih |
| Liaodong (P) |
遼東 |
辽东 |
Liaotung |
| Liao Mosha (N) |
廖沫沙 |
|
|
| Liaoning (P) |
遼寧 |
辽宁 |
|
| Liao Zhongkai (N) |
廖仲凱 |
廖仲凯 |
Liao Chung-k'ai |
| Li Bu |
禮部 |
礼部 |
Li-pu [“Board of Ritual”] |
| Li Daoyu (N) |
李道豫 |
|
Li Tao-yü |
| Li Dazhao (N) |
李大釗 |
|
Li Ta-chao |
| Li Denghui (N) |
李登輝 |
李登辉 |
Li Teng-hui [Lee Teng-hui] |
| Li-fan Yuan |
理藩院 |
|
[“Mongolian |
| Li Fuchun (N) |
李富春 |
|
|
| Li Gongpu (N) |
李公朴 |
|
Li Kung-p'u |
| Li Hongzhang (N) |
李鴻章 |
李鸿章 |
Li Hung-chang |
| lijin |
釐金 |
厘金 |
likin |
| Li Jishen (N) |
李濟深 |
李济深 |
Li Chi-shen |
| Li Lanqing (N) |
李嵐清 |
李岚清 |
Li Lan-ch'ing |
| Li Lianying (N) |
李蓮英 |
李连英 |
Li Lien-ying |
| Li Lisan (N) |
李立三 |
|
|
| Li Madou (N) |
利瑪竇 |
利玛窦 |
Li Ma-tou [Matteo Ricci] |
| Lin Biao (N) |
林彪 |
|
Lin Piao |
| Lin Boqu (N) |
林伯渠 |
|
Lin Po-ch'ü |
| Lin Shu (N) |
林紓 |
林纾 |
|
| Lin Yutang (N) |
林語堂 |
林语堂 |
Lin Yü-t'ang |
| Lin Zexu (N) |
林則徐 |
|
Lin Tse-hsü |
| Li Peng (N) |
李鵬 |
|
Li P'eng |
| Li Ruihuan (N) |
李瑞環 |
李瑞环 |
Li Jui-huan |
| Li Shuzheng (N) |
李淑錚 |
李淑铮 |
Li Shu-cheng |
| Li Tieying (N) |
李鐵映 |
李铁映 |
|
| Liu Bocheng (N) |
劉伯承 |
刘伯承 |
Liu Po-ch'eng |
| Liu Huaqing (N) |
劉華清 |
刘华清 |
Liu Hua-ch'ing |
| Liu Huaqiu (N) |
劉華秋 |
刘华秋 |
Liu Hua-ch'iu |
| Liu Kunyi (N) |
劉坤一 |
刘坤一 |
Liu K'un-i |
| Liuqiu (P) |
琉球 |
|
Liu-ch'iu [Ryukyus] |
| Liu Shaoqi (N) |
劉少奇 |
刘少奇 |
Liu Shao-ch'i |
| Liu Shuqing (N) |
劉述卿 |
刘述卿 |
Liu Shu-ch'ing |
| Li Xiannian (N) |
李先念 |
|
Li Hsien-nien |
| Li Ximing (N) |
李錫銘 |
李锡铭 |
Li Hsi-ming |
| Li-Yi-Zhe |
李一哲 |
|
Li-I-Che |
| Li Yuanhong (N) |
李元洪 |
|
Li Yüan-hung |
| Li Zhaoxing (N) |
李肇星 |
|
Li Chao-hsing |
| Li Zhuming (N) |
李柱銘 |
李柱铭 |
Li Chu-ming [Martin Lee] |
| Li Zongren (N) |
李宗仁 |
|
Li Tsung-jen |
| Long Yongtu (N) |
龍永圖 |
龙永图 |
Lung Yung-t'u |
| Lu Congmin (N) |
呂聰敏 |
吕聪民 |
Lü Ts'ung-min |
| Lüda (P) |
旅大 |
|
Lu-ta (“Port Arthur”) |
| Lu Dingyi (N) |
陸定一 |
陆定一 |
Lu Ting-i |
| Luo Fu (N) |
洛甫 |
|
Lo Fu |
| (Zhang Wentian |
張聞天 |
张闻天 |
Chang Wen-t'ien) |
| Luo Ruiqing (N) |
羅瑞卿 |
罗瑞卿 |
Lo Jui-ch'ing |
| Lu Ping (N) |
魯平 |
|
Lu P'ing |
| Lushan (P) |
廬山 |
庐山 |
|
| Lu Xun (N) |
魯迅 |
鲁迅 |
Lu Hsün |
| (Zhou Shuren |
周樹人 |
周树人 |
Chou Shu-jen) |
| M |
|
|
M |
| Maimaicheng (P) |
買賣城 |
买卖城 |
|
| Ma Jianzhong (N) |
馬建忠 |
马建忠 |
Ma Chien-chung |
| Ma-la (N) |
瑪喇 |
玛喇 |
|
| Man(-zu) |
滿族 |
|
Man(-tsu) [“Manchus”] |
| Mao Dun (N) |
矛盾 |
|
Mao Tun |
| (Shen Yanbing |
沈雁冰 |
沈雁冰 |
Shen Yen-ping) |
| Mao Yuanxin (N) |
毛遠新 |
毛远新 |
Mao Yüan-hsin |
| Mao Zedong (N) |
毛澤東 |
毛泽东 |
Mao Tse-tung |
| Mao Zemin (N) |
毛澤民 |
毛泽民 |
Mao Tse-min |
| Mao Zetan (N) |
毛澤覃 |
毛泽覃 |
Mao Tse-t'an |
| Ma Wanqi (N) |
馬万祺 |
马万祺 |
Ma Wan-ch'i |
| |
|
|
[Ma Man Kei (C)] |
| Ma Yuzhen (N) |
馬毓真 |
马毓真 |
Ma Yü-chen |
| Mazu (P) |
馬祖 |
马祖 |
Matsu |
| Mengzi (N) |
孟子 |
|
Meng-tzu [“Mencius”] |
| Ming (Dynasty) |
明 |
|
|
| N |
|
|
N |
| Nanchang (P) |
南昌 |
|
Nanch'ang |
| Nan Huairen (N) |
南懷仁 |
南怀仁 |
Nan Huai-jen |
| |
|
|
[Ferdinand Verbiest] |
| Nanjing (P) |
南京 |
|
Nanking |
| Nanniwan (P) |
南泥灣 |
南泥湾 |
|
| Nansha (P) |
南沙(群島) |
|
[Spratly Islands] |
| Nanyang (P) |
南洋 |
|
|
| nei fan |
內藩 |
|
[“inner tribes”] |
| Nei Menggu |
內蒙古 (自治區) |
|
|
| (Nei Monggol/ |
|
内蒙古 (自治区) |
[“Inner Mongolia”] |
| “Inner Mongolia” |
|
|
|
| Aut. Region) (P) |
|
|
|
| Nian (Rebellion) |
捻 |
|
Nien |
| Ni-bu-chu (P) |
尼布楚 |
|
[Nipchu, “Nerchinsk”] |
| Nie Rongzhen (P) |
聶榮臻 |
聂荣臻 |
Nieh Rung-chen |
| Nie Yuanzi (N) |
聶元梓 |
聂元梓 |
Nieh Yüan-tzu |
| Ningbo (P) |
寧波 |
宁波 |
Ningpo |
| Ningxia (Hui Aut. |
寧夏 (回自治區) |
|
|
| Region) (P) |
|
宁夏 (回自治区) |
Ninghsia |
| O(u) |
|
|
Ou |
| Ou Tangliang (N) |
區棠亮 |
区棠亮 |
Ou T'ang-liang |
| P |
|
|
P' |
| Pei Jianzhang (N) |
裴堅章 |
裴坚章 |
P'ei Chien-chang |
| Peng Chong (N) |
彭沖 |
彭冲 |
P'eng Ch'ung |
| Peng Dehuai (N) |
彭德懷 |
彭德怀 |
P'eng Teh-huai |
| Peng Pai (N) |
彭湃 |
|
P'eng P'ai |
| Peng Zhen (N) |
彭真 |
|
P'eng Chen |
| Pi-Lin pi-Kong |
批林批孔運動 |
|
|
| Pudong (P) |
浦東 |
浦东 |
P'u-tung, Pootung |
| Putonghua |
普通話 |
普通话 |
P'u-t'ung-hua |
| Puyi (N) |
溥儀 |
溥仪 |
P'u-I [“Henry Pu-i”] |
| Q |
|
|
Ch' (Ts') |
| Qia-ke-tu (P) |
恰克圖 |
恰克图 |
(Kiakhta) |
| Qian Fu |
錢復 |
钱复 |
Ch'ien Fu [Fredrick Chien] |
| Qian Long (R) |
乾隆 |
|
Ch'ien-lung |
| Qian Qichen (N) |
錢其琛 |
钱其琛 |
Ch'ien Ch'i-ch'en |
| Qiao Guanhua (N) |
喬冠華 |
乔冠华 |
Ch'iao Kuan-hua |
| Qiao Shi (N) |
喬石 |
乔石 |
Ch'iao Shih |
| Qiao Zonghuai (N) |
喬宗淮 |
乔宗淮 |
Ch'iao Tsung-huai |
| Qi Benyu (N) |
戚本禺 |
|
Ch'i Pen-yü |
| Qi Huaiyuan (N) |
齊懷遠 |
齐怀远 |
Ch'i Huai-yüan |
| Qiliying (P) |
七里營 |
七里营 |
Ch'i-li-ying |
| Qin Bangxian (N) |
秦邦憲 |
秦邦宪 |
Ch'in Pang-hsien |
| (Bo Gu |
博古 |
|
Po Ku) |
| Qin Benli (N) |
欽本立 |
钦本立 |
|
| Qing (Dynasty) |
清 |
|
Ch'ing |
| Qing (Prince) (N) |
慶 (親王) |
庆 (亲王) |
|
| Qingdao (P) |
青島 |
|
Tsingtao |
| Qinghai (P) |
青海 |
|
Tsinghai |
| Qinghua (Univ.) |
清華 |
清华 |
Tsing Hua |
| Qing-ming |
清明 |
|
Ch'ing-ming |
| Qinhuangdao (P) |
秦皇島 |
|
Chinwangtao |
| Qin Huasun (N) |
秦華孫 |
秦华孙 |
Ch'in Hua-sun |
| Qin Jiwei (N) |
秦基偉 |
秦基伟 |
Ch'in Chi-wei |
| Qin Shi Huang (R) |
秦始皇 |
|
Ch'in Shih Huang |
| Qi-shan (N) |
琪善 |
|
Ch'i-shan |
| Qiushi |
求是 |
|
Ch'iu-shih |
| |
|
|
[“Seeking Truth” — CCP journal] |
| Qi-ying (N) |
耆英 |
|
Ch'i-ying |
| Quanzhou (P) |
泉州 |
|
Ch'üanchow |
| Qu Qiubai (N) |
瞿秋白 |
|
Ch'ü Ch'iu-pai |
| |
|
|
|
| R |
|
|
J |
| Rao Shushi (N) |
饒漱石 |
饶漱石 |
Jao Shu-shih |
| Redi (N) |
熱地 |
热地 |
Je-ti [“Raidi”, Tibetan leader] |
| Rehe (P) |
熱河 |
热河 |
Jehol |
| Renmin Ribao |
人民日報 |
人民日报 |
Jen-min jih-pao [“People’s Daily”] |
| Rong Yiren (N) |
榮毅仁 |
荣毅仁 |
Jung I-jen |
| Ruan Yuan (N) |
阮元 |
|
Juan Yüan |
| Ruijin |
瑞金 |
|
Juichin |
| Rui Xingwen (N) |
芮杏文 |
|
Jui Hsing-wen |
| Rulin Waishi |
儒林外史 |
|
Ju-lin wai-shih (“The Scholars”) |
| S |
|
|
S |
| san-fan |
三反(運動) |
|
|
| Sanhe Hui |
三合會 |
三合会 |
San-ho-hui |
| Sanminzhuyi |
三民主義 |
三民主义 |
San-min-chu-i |
| Sanyuanli (P) |
三元里 |
|
|
| Seng-ge-lin-qin (N) |
僧格林沁 |
|
(Senggerinchin) |
| Shaanxi (P) |
陝西 |
陕西 |
Shensi |
| Shandong (P) |
山東 |
|
Shantung |
| Shanghai (P) |
上海 |
|
|
| Shanhaiguan (P) |
山海關 |
山海关 |
Shanhaikuan |
| Shanxi (P) |
山西 |
|
Shansi |
| Shao Lizi (N) |
邵力子 |
|
Shao Li-tzu |
| Shaoshan (P) |
韶山 |
|
|
| Shen Baozhen (N) |
沈葆楨 |
沈葆桢 |
Shen Pao-chen |
| Sheng Shicai (N) |
盛世才 |
|
Sheng Shih-ts'ai |
| Sheng Xuanhuai (N) |
盛宣懷 |
盛宣怀 |
Sheng Hsüan-huai |
| Sheng Yu |
聖諭 |
圣谕 |
|
| shengyuan |
生員 |
生员 |
sheng-yüan |
| Shen Jiaben (N) |
沈家本 |
|
Shen Chia-pen |
| Shen Junru (N) |
沈鈞儒 |
沈钧儒 |
Shen Chün-ju |
| Shenyang (P) |
沈陽 |
沈阳 |
[“Mukden”] |
| Shenzhen (P) |
深圳 |
|
Shumchun |
| shi |
室 |
|
shih [“office”] |
| shu-guo |
屬國 |
属国 |
shu-kuo |
| |
|
|
[“associated countries”] |
| Shun Zhi (R) |
順治 |
|
Shun-chih |
| si |
室 |
|
ssu [“bureau”] |
| Sichuan (P) |
四川 |
|
Szechwan |
| si-qing |
四清 |
|
ssu-ch'ing |
| Si-ren-bang |
四人幫 |
|
Ssu-jen-pang |
| |
|
|
[“Gang of Four”] |
| Song Ailing (N) |
宋藹齡 |
宋蔼龄 |
Sung (or Soong) Ai-ling |
| Song Jian (N) |
宋健 |
宋健 |
Sung Chien |
| Song Jiaoren (N) |
宋教仁 |
|
Sung Chiao-jen |
| Song Meiling (N) |
宋美齡 |
宋美龄 |
Sung (or Soong) Mei-ling |
| |
|
|
(Mme. Chiang Kai-shek) |
| Song Ping (N) |
宋平 |
|
|
| Song Qingling (N) |
宋慶齡 |
宋庆龄 |
Soong Ching Ling |
| |
|
|
[Mme. Sun Yat-sen] |
| Song Ziwen (N) |
宋子文 |
|
Sung Tzu-wen (“T.V. Soong”) |
| su-fan |
肅反運動 |
肃反 |
|
| Suiyuan (P) |
綏遠 |
绥远 |
|
| Sun Chuanfang (N) |
孫傳芳 |
孙传芳 |
|
| Sun Ke (N) |
孫科 |
孙科 |
Sun Fo (C) |
| Sun Pinghua (N) |
孫平化 |
孙平化 |
Sun P'ing-hua |
| Sun Yefang (N) |
孫冶方 |
孙冶方 |
Sun Yeh-fang |
| Sun Zhongshan (N) |
孫中山 |
孙中山 |
Sun Chung-shan |
| Suo-e-tu (N) |
索額圖 |
索额图 |
|
| Su-shun (N) |
肅順 |
肃顺 |
|
| T |
|
|
T' |
| Taibei (P) |
台北 |
|
Taipei [Taipeh] |
| Taiping Tianguo |
太平天國 |
太平天国 |
T'ai-p'ing t'ien-kuo |
| Taiwan (P) |
臺灣 |
台湾 |
|
| Tancheng (P) |
郯城 |
|
|
| Tang (Dynasty) |
唐 |
|
T'ang |
| Tang Longbin (N) |
唐龍彬 |
唐龙彬 |
|
| Tang Jiaxuan (N) |
唐家璇 |
|
T'ang Chia-hsüan |
| Tang Mingzhao (N) |
唐明照 |
|
T'ang Ming-chao |
| Tang-ren Jie |
唐人街 |
|
[“Chinatown”] |
| Tang Ruowang (N) |
湯若望 |
汤若望 |
T'ang Jo-wang |
| |
|
|
[Adam Schall von Bell] |
| Tang Shubei (N) |
唐樹備 |
唐树备 |
T'ang Shu-pei |
| Tang Tingshu (N) |
唐廷樞 |
|
(“Tong King-sing”) |
| Tan Sitong (N) |
譚嗣同 |
谭嗣同 |
T'an Ssu-t'ung |
| Tan Zhenlin (N) |
譚震林 |
谭震林 |
T'an Chen-lin |
| Tao Xingzhi (N) |
陶行知 |
|
T'ao Hsing-chih |
| Tiananmen (P) |
天安門 |
天安门 |
T'ien-an Men |
| Tian-Di Hui |
天地會 |
天地会 |
T'ien-ti-hui |
| Tian Han (N) |
田漢 |
田汉 |
T'ien Han |
| Tianjin (P) |
天津 |
|
Tientsin |
| Tian Jiyun (N) |
田紀雲 |
田纪云 |
T'ian Chi-yün |
| Tian-xia |
天下 |
|
T'ien-hsia |
| Tian Zengpei (N) |
田曾佩 |
|
T'ien Tseng-p'ei |
| Tong Guogang (N) |
佟國綱 |
佟国纲 |
|
| Tong Meng Hui |
同盟會 |
同盟会 |
T'ung-meng-hui |
| Tongwen Guan |
同文館 |
同文馆 |
T'ung-wen-kuan |
| Tong Zhi (R) |
同治 |
|
T'ung-chih |
| Tu-li-shen (N) |
圖理琛 |
图理琛 |
(Tulisen) |
| W |
|
|
W |
| wai fan |
外藩 |
|
[“outer tribes”] |
| Waijiao Bu |
外交部 |
|
Wai-chiao-pu [Ministry of Foreign Affairs] |
| Wang Bingnan (N) |
王炳南 |
|
Wang Ping-nan |
| Wang Bingqian (N) |
王丙乾 |
|
Wang Ping-ch'ien |
| Wang Dan (N) |
王丹 |
|
|
| Wang Dongxing |
汪東興 |
汪东兴 |
Wang Tung-hsing |
| Wang Daohan (N) |
汪道涵 |
|
Wang Tao-han |
| Wang Guangmei (N) |
王光美 |
|
Wang Kuang-mei |
| Wang Guoquan (N) |
王國權 |
王国权 |
Wang Kuo-ch'üan |
| Wang Hairong (N) |
王海容 |
|
Wang Hai-jung |
| Wang Hanbin (N) |
王漢斌 |
王汉斌 |
Wang Han-pin |
| Wang Hongwen (N) |
王洪文 |
|
Wang Hung-wen |
| Wang Houli (N) |
王厚立 |
|
|
| Wang Jiaxiang (N) |
王稼祥 |
|
Wang Chia-hsiang |
| Wang Jingwei (N) |
汪精衛 |
汪精卫 |
Wang Ching-wei |
| Wang Jinxi (N) |
王進喜 |
王进喜 |
Wang Chin-hsi |
| Wang Ming (N) |
王明 |
|
|
| (Chen Shaoyu |
陳紹禹 |
陈绍禹) |
|
| Wang Tao (N) |
汪滔 |
汪滔 |
|
| Wang Yanchang (N) |
王言昌 |
|
|
| Wang Yingfan (N) |
王英範 |
|
|
| Wang Zhaoguo (N) |
王兆國 |
王兆国 |
Wang Chao-kuo |
| Wang Zhen |
王震 |
|
Wang Chen |
| |
|
|
|
| Wan Li (N) |
萬里 |
万里 |
|
| Wayaobu (P) |
瓦窯堡 |
瓦窑堡 |
Wayaopao |
| Weihaiwei (P) |
威海衛 |
威海卫 |
|
| Wei Jianxing (N) |
尉健行 |
尉健行 |
Wei Chien-hsing |
| Wei Jingsheng (N) |
魏京生 |
魏京生 |
Wei Ching-sheng |
| Wei Yuan (N) |
魏源 |
|
|
| Wen Da (N) |
溫達 |
温达 |
Wen Ta |
| Weng Tonghe (N) |
翁同和 |
|
Weng T'ung-ho |
| Wen Hui Bao |
文匯報 |
文汇报 |
Wen Huei Pao [Wen Wei Po] |
| Wen Jiabao (N) |
溫家寶 |
温家宝 |
Wen Chia-pao |
| Wen-xiang (N) |
文祥 |
|
Wen-hsiang |
| Wen Yiduo (N) |
聞一多 |
闻一多 |
Wen I-to |
| Wo-ren (N) |
倭仁 |
|
Wo-jen |
| Wuchang (P) |
武昌 |
|
|
| Wu De (N) |
吳德 |
|
Wu Teh |
| Wuer Kaixi (N) |
吾爾開希 |
吾儿开希 |
|
| wu-fan |
五反(運動) |
|
|
| Wuhan (P) |
武漢 |
武汉 |
|
| Wu Han (N) |
吳唅 |
吴晗 |
|
| Wu Jianmin (N) |
吳建民 |
|
Wu Chien-min |
| Wulanfu (N) |
烏闌夫 |
乌兰夫 |
[Ulanhu] |
| Wu Minglian (N) |
吳明廉 |
吴明廉 |
|
| Wu Peifu (N) |
吳佩孚 |
吴佩孚 |
|
| Wu Tingfang (N) |
伍廷芳 |
|
|
| Wu Xiuquan (N) |
伍修權 |
伍修权 |
Wu Hsiu-ch'üan |
| Wu Xueqian (N) |
吳學謙 |
吴学谦 |
Wu Hsüeh-ch'ien |
| Wu Yi (N) |
吳儀 |
吴仪 |
Wu I |
| Wu Xun (N) |
武訓 |
武训 |
Wu Hsün |
| X |
|
|
Hs (S) |
| xiafang |
下放 |
|
hsia-fang |
| Xiamen (P) |
廈門 |
厦门 |
Amoy (C) |
| xian |
縣 |
县 |
hsien [“county”] |
| Xi'an (P) |
西安 |
|
Sian |
| Xian Feng (R) |
咸豐 |
咸丰 |
Hsien-feng |
| Xianggang (P) |
香港 |
|
Hong Kong (C) |
| Xiang Zhongfa (N) |
向忠發 |
向忠发 |
Hsiang Chung-fa |
| Xiao Wanzhang (N) |
蕭萬長 |
萧万长 |
Hsiao Wan-chang [Vincent Siew] |
| Xibaipo (P) |
西柏坡 |
|
Hsipaip'o |
| Xie Fuzhi (N) |
謝富治 |
谢富治 |
Hsieh Fu-chih |
| Xikang (P) |
西康 |
|
Hsi-k'ang, Sikang |
| xinhai |
辛亥 |
|
hsin-hai [1911 in old calendar] |
| Xinhua |
新華通訊社 |
新华通讯社 |
Hsinhua |
| |
|
|
[“New China” News Agency] |
| Xinjiang (Uigur Aut. Region) |
新疆 (維吾爾自 |
新疆 (维吾儿自 |
|
| (P) |
治区) |
治区) |
Sinkiang |
| Xin Qingnian |
新青年 |
|
Hsin Ch'ing-nien |
| |
|
|
(“New Youth”; “La Jeunesse”) |
| Xisha (P) |
西沙 (群島) |
|
Hsi-sha [Paracel Islands] |
| xiucai |
秀才 |
|
hsiu-ts'ai |
| Xizang (“Tibetan” |
西藏 (自治區) |
|
|
| Aut. Region) (P) |
|
西藏 (自治区) |
[“Tibet”] |
| Xuan Zang (N) |
玄奘 |
|
Hsüan Tsang |
| Xu Dunxin (N) |
徐敦信 |
|
Hsü Tun-hsin |
| Xue Fucheng (N) |
薛福成 |
|
Hsüeh Fu-ch'eng |
| Xue Muqiao (N) |
薛暮橋 |
薛暮桥 |
Hsüeh Mu-ch'iao |
| Xu Guangqi (N) |
徐光啟 |
徐光启 |
Hsü Kuang-ch'i |
| Xu Jiatun (N) |
許家屯 |
许家屯 |
Hsü Chia-t'un |
| Xu Jiyu (N) |
徐繼畬 |
徐继畲 |
Hsü Chi-yü |
| Xu Kuangdi (N) |
徐匡迪 |
|
Hsü K'uang-ti |
| Xu Lide (N) |
徐立德 |
|
Hsü Li-teh |
| Xuzhou (P) |
徐州 |
|
Hsuchow |
| Y |
|
|
Y, I |
| Yan'an (P) |
延安 |
|
Yenan |
| Yan Fu (N) |
嚴復 |
严复 |
Yen Fu |
| Yang Changji (N) |
楊昌濟 |
杨昌济 |
Yang Ch'ang-chi |
| Yang Fuchang (N) |
楊福昌 |
杨福昌 |
|
| yangge |
秧歌 |
|
yang-ko |
| Yang Hucheng (N) |
楊虎城 |
杨虎城 |
|
| Yang Kaihui (N) |
楊開慧 |
杨开慧 |
|
| Yang Rudai (N) |
楊汝岱 |
杨汝岱 |
|
| Yang Shangkun (N) |
楊尚昆 |
杨尚昆 |
|
| yangwu |
洋務 |
洋务 |
|
| Yang Xianzhen (N) |
楊獻珍 |
杨献珍 |
Yang Hsien-chen |
| Yang Xiuqing (N) |
楊秀清 |
杨秀清 |
Yang Hsiu-ch'ing |
| Yang Zengye (N) |
楊增業 |
杨增业 |
Yang Tseng-yeh |
| Yang Zhenya (N) |
楊振亞 |
杨振亚 |
Yang Chen-ya |
| Yangzi (River) |
揚子 |
扬子 |
Yangtze |
| (Chang Jiang |
長江 |
长江) |
|
| Yan Jiaqi (N) |
嚴家其 |
严家其 |
Yen Chia-ch'i |
| Yanjing (Univ.) |
燕京 |
|
Yenching |
| Yan Mingfu (N) |
閻明復 |
阎明复 |
|
| Yan Xishan (N) |
閻錫山 |
阎锡山 |
|
| Yao Guang (N) |
姚廣 |
姚广 |
Yao Kuang |
| Yao Wenyuan (N) |
姚文元 |
|
|
| Yao Yilin (N) |
姚依林 |
|
|
| Ye Jianying (N) |
葉劍英 |
叶剑英 |
Yeh Chien-ying |
| Ye Mingchen (N) |
葉名琛 |
叶名琛 |
Yeh Ming-ch'en |
| Ye Ting (N) |
葉挺 |
叶挺 |
Yeh T'ing |
| yi |
夷 |
|
i |
| Yihequan |
義和拳 |
义和拳 |
I-ho-ch'üan |
| Yihetuan |
義和團 |
义和团 |
I-ho-t'uan |
| Yiheyuan (P) |
頤和園 |
颐和园 |
I Ho Yüan |
| |
|
|
[“New” Summer Palace] |
| Yili (P) |
伊犁 |
|
I-li |
| Yi-li-bu (N) |
伊里布 |
|
I-li-pu (“Elipoo”) |
| Yong Zheng (R) |
雍正 |
|
Yung-cheng |
| Yuan (Dynasty) |
元 |
|
|
| Yuanming Yuan (P) |
圓明園 |
圆明园 |
Yüan Ming Yüan |
| |
|
|
[“Old” Summer Palace] |
| Yuan Mu (N) |
袁木 |
|
|
| Yuan Shikai (N) |
袁世凱 |
袁世凯 |
Yüan Shih-k'ai |
| Yunnan (P) |
雲南 |
云南 |
|
| Z |
|
|
Ts, Ch |
| Zeng Guofan (N) |
曾國藩 |
曾国藩 |
Tseng Kuo-fan |
| Zeng Jize (N) |
曾紀澤 |
曾纪泽 |
Tseng Chi-tze |
| Zeng Tao (N) |
曾濤 |
曾焘 |
Tseng T'ao |
| Zhang Aiping (N) |
張愛萍 |
张爱萍 |
Chang Ai-p'ing |
| Zhang Chunqiao (N) |
張春橋 |
张春桥 |
Chang Ch'un-ch'iao |
| Zhang Deyi (N) |
張德彝 |
张德彝 |
Chang Te-i |
| Zhang Guotao (N) |
張國燾 |
张国焘 |
Chang Kuo-t'ao |
| Zhang Jian (N) |
張鑒 |
张鉴 |
Chang Chien |
| Zhang Jingfu (N) |
張勁夫 |
张劲夫 |
Chang Ching-fu |
| Zhang Jingyu (N) |
張京育 |
张京育 |
Chang Ching-yü [Chang King-yuh] |
| Zhang Junsheng (N) |
張浚生 |
张浚生 |
Chang Chün-sheng |
| Zhang Lan (N) |
長瀾 |
长澜 |
Chang Lan |
| Zhang Peilun (N) |
張佩綸 |
张佩纶 |
Chang P'ei-lun |
| Zhang Qian (N) |
張騫 |
张骞 |
|
| Zhang Tailei (N) |
張太雷 |
张太雷 |
Chang T'ai-lei |
| Zhang Taiyan (N) |
章太炎 |
|
Chang T'ai-yen |
| (Zhang Binglin |
張炳麟 |
张炳麟 |
Chang Ping-lin) |
| Zhang Wannian (N) |
張万年 |
张万年 |
Chang Wan-nien |
| Zhang Wentian (N) |
張聞天 |
张闻天 |
Chang Wen-t'ien |
| (Luo Fu |
洛甫 |
|
Lo Fu) |
| Zhang Xiangshan (N) |
張香山 |
张香山 |
Chang Hsiang-shan |
| Zhang Xiaoyan (N) |
章孝嚴 |
章孝严 |
Chang Hsiao-yen [John Chang] |
| Zhang Xueliang (N) |
張學良 |
张学良 |
Chang Hsüeh-liang |
| Zhang Xun (N) |
張勛 |
张勋 |
Chang Hsün |
| Zhang Zhidong (N) |
張之洞 |
张之洞 |
Chang Chih-tung |
| Zhang Zuolin (N) |
張作霖 |
张作霖 |
Chang Tso-lin |
| Zhao Zhongxin (N) |
趙鍾鑫 |
赵钟鑫 |
Chao Chung-hsin |
| Zhao Ziyang (N) |
趙紫陽 |
赵紫阳 |
Chao Tzu-yang |
| Zhejiang (P) |
浙江 |
|
Chekiang |
| Zheng Chenggong (N) |
鄭成功 |
郑成功 |
Cheng Ch'eng-kung |
| |
|
|
(“Koxinga”) |
| zheng-feng |
整風 |
整风 |
cheng-feng (“rectification”) |
| Zheng Guanying (N) |
鄭觀應 |
郑观应 |
Cheng Kuan-ying |
| Zhengzhou (P) |
鄭州 |
郑州 |
Chengchow |
| Zhifu (P) |
芝罘 |
|
Chefoo |
| Zhili (P) |
直隸 |
直隶 |
Chihli |
| Zhongguo |
中國 |
中国 |
Chung-kuo [“China”] |
| Zhong-hua |
中華 |
中华 |
[“China”; “civilization”] |
| Zhongnanhai |
中南海 |
|
Chung-nan-hai |
| Zhongsha (P) |
中沙 (群島) |
中沙 (群岛) |
Chung-sha |
| Zhou Enlai (N) |
周恩來 |
周恩来 |
Chou En-lai |
| Zhou Gang (N) |
周剛 |
周刚 |
Chou Kang |
| Zhou Nan (N) |
周南 |
|
Chou Nan |
| Zhoushan Dao (P) |
舟山島 |
|
Chusan Islands |
| Zhou Shuren (N) |
周樹人 |
周树人 |
Chou Shu-jen |
| (Lu Xun |
魯迅 |
|
Lu Hsün) |
| Zhou Yang (N) |
周楊 |
周杨 |
Chou Yang |
| Zhu De (N) |
朱德 |
|
Chu Teh |
| Zhuhai (P) |
珠海 |
|
Chu-hai |
| Zhu Liang (N) |
朱良 |
|
Chu Liang |
| Zhu Qizhen (N) |
朱啟禎 |
朱启祯 |
Chu Ch'i-chen |
| Zhu Rongji (N) |
朱鎔基 |
|
Chu Jung-chi |
| Zhu Shanqing (N) |
朱善卿 |
|
Chu Shan-ch'ing |
| Zongli Yamen |
總理 (各國 |
总理 (各国事 |
|
| |
事務) 衙門 |
务) 衙门 |
Tsungli Yamen |
| Zou Taofen (N) |
鄒韜奮 |
邹韬奋 |
Tsou T'ao-fen |
| Zunyi (P) |
遵義 |
遵义 |
Tsunyi |
| Zuo Zongtang (N) |
左宗棠 |
|
Tso Tsung-t'ang |
To find words and names spelled the old way (Wade-Giles or “Postal” systems) in this Guide, apply the following rules:
1. Ch in old system, when followed by i or ü becomes J in “Pinyin”; when followed by e, a, o, u or
ih, it becomes Zh
2. Ch', followed by i or ü, becomes Q (except in Ch'ih, when it remains Ch )
3. Ch', followed by a, e, o or u, remains Ch
4. Hs becomes X
5. J becomes R
6. K becomes G
7. K' remains K
8. P becomes B
9. P' remains P
10. T becomes D
11. T' remains T
12. Ts and Tz become Z (in place names spelled according to the “Postal” system, Ts also
sometimes becomes J or Q, as Tsinan = Ji'nan and Tsinghai = Qinghai )
13. Ts' and Tz' become C
14. Ssu and Sze become Si
Some vowels also change, but — with the exception of I standing alone, which becomes Yi — these changes don’t prevent recognition.
Finally, some names — Amoy, Macao — are either local pronunciations, foreign renditions, or a confused combination of both, and thus don’t conform to any rules at all.
-oO0Oo-
